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發佈於

第八節　避免漁具與風場設備的纏繞

SECTION 8　AVOID ENTANGLEMENT OF FISHING GEAR AND OFFSHORE WIND FARM EQUIPMENT

台灣西部海岸常見的漁具有刺網、拖網與一支釣。刺網，特別是流刺網，隨海水漂流的特性使其難以在離岸風場基樁之間佈放，是與離岸風場設施相容性最低的漁具。即使在離岸風場周圍海域，航行通過的離岸風場工作船也可能對刺網造成損害。風機基樁間距同樣會影響拖網漁船既有的作業方式，僅一支釣漁民不會受到影響。離岸風電部門應將避免纏繞、損壞漁具納入漁業影響減輕對策與漁業共存方案。
Common fishing gear on the western coast of Taiwan includes gillnets, trawls, and pole and line. However, gillnets, especially drift gillnets, are difficult to deploy between the offshore wind farm foundations due to their drifting nature with the seawater, making them the least compatible fishing gear with offshore wind farm facilities. Even in the waters around offshore wind farms, passing offshore wind farm work vessels can damage gillnets. The spacing between wind turbine foundations will also affect the existing operating methods of trawl fishing vessels, while only pole and line fishermen will be unaffected. The offshore wind sector should include avoiding entanglement and damage to fishing gear in its fishing impact mitigation measures and fishing coexistence plans.

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發佈於

第七節　在離岸風場計畫的不同階段使用漁船

SECTION 7　USE OF FISHING VESSELS DURING DIFFERENT PHASES OF PROJECTS

在離岸風場計畫的調查、施工、維運活動中，可能有機會雇用漁船和漁民。例如為環境影響評估進行的調查工作、在安裝和施工活動中作為戒護船。儘管這種機會是使漁業更密切地參與離岸風場計畫的一種手段並帶有一些經濟利益，但船舶將需要滿足離岸風場開發及營運業者的相關職業安全衛生標準及培訓要求。
There may be opportunities to hire fishing vessels and fishermen during the survey, construction, and operation activities of offshore wind farm projects. Examples include guard vessels for EIA surveys or installation and construction activities. Although this opportunity is a means to involve the fisheries more closely in offshore wind farm projects and brings some economic benefits, vessels will need to meet the relevant occupational safety and health standards and training requirements of offshore wind farm developers and operators.

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發佈於

第六節　安全區

SECTION 6　SAFETY ZONES

在離岸風場的施工、維護和除役階段，需要一定的安全區以保障其他海洋使用者和離岸風場設施與人員的安全。然而，由於法規的不完善，安全區的劃設僅由離岸風電開發及營運業者單方面決定後，函請航港局發佈航船布告。為增進兩個部門之間的良好互動、實現共存，本指南建議離岸風電開發及營運業者應本著「比例原則」（或稱「最小侵害原則」）之精神劃設安全區，並與漁業利害關係人協商互相認可的安全區劃設技術規範。
During the construction, maintenance, and decommissioning phases of an offshore wind farm, certain safety zones are required to ensure the safety of other marine users and the offshore wind farm facilities and personnel. However, due to imperfect regulations, the delineation of safety zones is solely determined by offshore wind developers and operators. Then, the Maritime Port Bureau is requested to issue a Notice to Mariners. To enhance the positive interaction between the two sectors and achieve coexistence, this Guidance suggests that offshore wind developers and operators should delineate safety zones in the spirit of the “proportionality principle” (or “principle of least harm”) and negotiate mutually recognized safety zone delineation technical specifications with fisheries stakeholders.

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第五節　施工與營運階段的聯絡

SECTION 5　LIAISON DURING THE CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATIONAL PHASES

開發業者有責任確保進行有效的資訊傳遞和溝通，並有義務使其承包商承擔同等的責任。離岸風電部門若能及早與漁民建立互信，促使他們本著合作精神及時溝通和參與，將有助於減少紛爭。漁業聯絡計劃應在離岸風場計畫的規劃和施工階段進行更新，然後在營運期間再次更新，並且告知承包商遵守。
Developers are responsible for ensuring effective information delivery and communication and are obligated to make their contractors bear the same responsibility. If the offshore wind sector can establish mutual trust with fishermen early on, encouraging them to communicate and participate in a timely manner with a cooperative spirit, it will help reduce disputes. The fishing liaison plan should be updated during the planning and construction phases of the offshore wind farm project and then updated again during the operation period, and contractors should be informed to comply.

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第四節　規劃階段的聯絡

SECTION 4　LIAISON DURING THE PLANNING PHASE

本指南建議開發業者在規劃階段儘早建立和當地漁業之間的聯繫，以便能夠從漁業傳統知識中受益，並在可能的情況下將相關資訊運用於選址和評估潛在影響。初步接觸應根據第三節中描述的程序和關鍵聯絡角色進行。隨著離岸風場計畫的發展和完善，聯絡工作應持續進行、貫穿整個規劃階段。
This Guidance recommends that developers should establish contact with the local fishing industry as early as the planning stage so that they can benefit from traditional fishing industry knowledge and apply relevant information and potential impacts assessment to site selection where possible. Initial contact should be made according to the procedures and key liaison roles described in SECTION 3. As the offshore wind farm project develops and matures, liaison work should continue throughout the entire planning phase.

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第三節　管理聯絡管道

SECTION 3　MANAGING CONTACT

作為與漁業議合的一部分，開發及營運業者應制定漁業聯絡計畫，明訂誰是公司漁業聯絡人和漁業產業代表，他們各自的責任以及漁業聯絡計畫如何運作。本指南建議每座離岸風場漁業聯絡計畫的發展與更新，應該要貫穿離岸風場計畫的規劃、施工及之後的營運階段。
As part of engagement with the fishing industry, developers and operators should develop a fishing liaison plan that clearly defines who the Company Fishing Liaison Officer (CFLO) and Fishing Industry Representative (FIR) are, what are their respective responsibilities, and how the fishing liaison plan will operate. The development and updating of the fishing liaison plan for each offshore wind farm should be implemented throughout the planning, construction, and subsequent operation phases of the offshore wind farm project.

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第二節　台灣離岸風場許可程序的利害關係人議合

SECTION 2　STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT ON TAIWAN OFFSHORE WIND FARM CONSENTING PROCESS

離岸風場選址需要長期海洋環境資訊的支持，並考慮其他海域使用者的利益或限制。因此，應由國家對於具有離岸風場開發潛能的海域進行策略性規劃和選址。儘管《海洋基本法》已揭示「因應海洋多目標使用需求、協調海域使用及競合、落實海洋整合管理」之精神，海洋空間規劃相關法規仍未建立。
The selection of offshore wind farm sites requires long-term marine environmental data and consideration of the interests and restrictions of other marine users. Therefore, the state should conduct strategic planning and site selection for potential offshore wind farm development sea areas. While the Ocean Basic Act expresses the spirit of “responding to the multi-objective needs of ocean use, coordinating sea area utilization and competition, and implementing integrated ocean management,” regulations related to marine spatial planning have yet to be established.
特別要強調的是，從第一階段示範獎勵以來，所有的離岸風場業者都未被政府授予任何排他性權利。台灣離岸風場的選址是由各離岸風場開發業者個別進行的。進入第三階段區塊開發，離岸風場開發業者僅需避開經濟部公告之〈離岸風力發電區塊開發場址規劃申請作業要點〉附件一所示之「敏感區」。而所謂「敏感區」為各部會提出不可設置離岸風場之海域的簡單套疊，全無利害關係人議合。
It should be emphasized that no offshore wind farm developer/operator has been granted any exclusive rights by the government since the first phase (demonstration incentive). The siting for offshore wind farms in Taiwan is conducted individually by each offshore wind farm developer. To enter the third phase (zone development), offshore wind farm developers only need to avoid the “sensitive areas” listed in Annex 1 of the Ministry of Economic Affairs’ “Guidelines for Application for Offshore Wind Power Zone Development Site Planning.” The so-called “sensitive areas” are simply overlays of sea areas where various ministries have proposed that offshore wind farms should not be located. They were determined with absolutely no stakeholder engagement.

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發佈於

第一節　導論

SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION

漁民權益暨環境永續中心（以下簡稱：漁環中心）係由財團法人環境權保障基金會於2021年設立，致力於協助漁民取得完整的環境資訊知情權、公民參與權以及法律近用權。
The Taiwan Ocean and Environmental Sustainability Law Center (hereinafter the “TOES”) was established by the Environmental Rights Foundation in 2021. It is dedicated to assisting fishermen in obtaining comprehensive rights to environmental information, the right to participate in civic affairs, and access to legal resources.
為促進漁業和離岸風電部門建立良好關係並鼓勵兩個部門之間的共存，漁環中心以英國「漁業與離岸風力及海洋再生能源聯絡組織」發布之「離岸再生能源發展最佳實務指南：漁業聯絡制度的建議」為基礎，參採我國法律法規，以及在地的漁民、政府機關與離岸風電部門之議合經驗，編製《台灣離岸風電與漁業聯絡指南建議》（以下簡稱：《指南》），其目標是促進漁業和離岸風電部門持續進行對話以解決互動過程中所產生的問題，並鼓勵海洋環境中的其他部門參與此過程。
To promote a positive relationship between the fishing and offshore wind sectors and to facilitate their coexistence, the TOES has compiled the “Recommendations for Guidance on Taiwan Offshore Wind and Fisheries Liaison” (hereinafter the “Guidance”) by referencing the “Best Practice Guidance for Offshore Renewables Developments: Recommendations for Fisheries Liaison” published by the UK’s “Fishing Liaison with Offshore Wind and Wet Renewables Group” (FLOWW); Taiwan’s laws and regulations; as well as the engagement experience of local fishermen, government agencies, and the offshore wind sector. The goal is to facilitate ongoing dialogues between the fishing and offshore wind sectors to address issues arising from their interactions and encourage the participation of other sectors in the marine environment in this process.

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發佈於

「台灣離岸風電與漁業聯絡指南建議發表 暨漁民權益暨環境永續中心成立三週年茶會」活動紀錄

漁民權益暨環境永續中心已成立三年，從2020年底至今，我們提供法律扶助並提出多項健全離岸風電發展的政策與法律倡議。漁環中心綜整英國漁業聯絡制度、我國法律法規，以及在地的漁民、政府機關與離岸風電行業之議合經驗，編製《台灣離岸風電與漁業聯絡指南建議》（以下簡稱：《指南》），其目標是促進漁業和離岸風電行業持續進行對話以解決互動過程中所產生的問題。

本次活動中， 漁民權益暨環境永續中心資深研究員吳斐竣 首先釐清：依據英國「漁業與離岸風力及海洋再生能源聯絡組織」(The Fishing Liaison with Offshore Wind and Wet Renewables Group, FLOWW)發布之「離岸再生能源發展最佳實務指南：漁業聯絡制度的建議」(Best Practice Guidance for Offshore Renewables Developments: Recommendations for Fisheries Liaison)，漁業聯絡制度的宗旨是「開發業者盡最大努力、在盡可能不干擾漁業活動的情況下推進專案項目，同時盡可能讓漁民瞭解情況」，然後才有指派公司漁業聯絡人和漁業產業代表等一系列安排，以便「最大化兩行業共存的機會」。

《指南》的內容涵蓋離岸風場計畫的各階段。前兩節旨在提供兩個行業和離岸風場開發制度的概述，包括計畫許可的過程。第三至五節提供了從規劃階段到營運階段的建議，而第六到八節概述了與漁業有關的具體問題。目前應優先處理：建立聯絡管道、海上無線電通訊、落實漁業調查、環評後的持續溝通、安全區劃設、使用漁船擔任風場工作，以及刺網漁具改良等七項議題。

漁環中心表示，發佈《指南》以供所有有興趣的利害關係人進行討論和回饋，是邁向兩行業共存的重要一步。過去數年台灣並沒有建立兩行業互動的最佳實務，當西部海域用盡，未來將更難以說服澎湖和北方海域的漁民接納離岸風電。

閱讀全文〈「台灣離岸風電與漁業聯絡指南建議發表 暨漁民權益暨環境永續中心成立三週年茶會」活動紀錄〉

發佈於

【永續海洋】漁環中心與刺網漁民及海大合作 發表海洋垃圾分析報告

環境權保障基金會（環權會）／漁民權益暨環境永續中心（漁環中心）選在11月21日世界漁業日這一天，在位於南港的瓶蓋工廠台北製造所發表了一份近沿岸刺網漁船海廢紀錄報告。該計畫是由海委會海保署所支持的海洋保育在地守護計畫，主要是由雲林縣口湖鄉台子村10艘以刺網漁法為主的雲林近沿岸作業漁船與漁民，共同參與完成的海廢記錄報告。

成果發表會上展示了近海漁民的三牙漁網及各種海廢形態的影像及記錄成果。出席者包括環境權保障基金會執行長凃又文、雲林縣近沿海作業漁船協會理事長李平順、台灣蠻野心足生態協會蔡雅瀅律師、議題專員施仲平，澄洋環境顧問公司顏寧執行長、胡介申主任、台灣大學人類學系呂欣怡教授以及離岸風電業者伊比德羅拉、沃旭能源以及天豐新能源的代表等。

環境權保障基金會執行長凃又文表示，漁環中心當初的成立是因為雲林離岸風電開發與漁民的傳統漁場發生爭議，如今看到漁民不僅關注自身的漁業權益爭取，還站出來參與推動海洋環境永續相關工作，讓人感動。凃又文呼籲，希望透過這樣的計畫讓台灣社會更加看到台灣近沿海漁民與漁業的價值與重要性，此外漁民在蒐集海廢的過程中發現的抽沙船所導致的海洋污染等問題，尤其值得有關單位重視。

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